Todd Spangler's blog

Snow Goes From Moto to Video-to-Go Startup Morega

Longtime cable guy Buddy Snow has made the jump from Motorola Mobility to the startup world.

Snow earlier this year -- prior to Google's official takeover of Motorola -- quietly joined Morega Systems, which designs and develops video-mobility solutions for pay TV service providers worldwide, as president and CEO.

Cisco's De Beer: Set-Tops Will Die in a Decade

San Jose, Calif. -- Marthin De Beer is the top video-technology exec at Cisco Systems, one of the world's largest suppliers of set-top boxes.

And he realizes the days of the standalone set-top are numbered.

De Beer, senior vice president of Cisco’s Video & Collaboration Group, predicts that Internet TVs and other consumer IP devices will be powerful and ubiquitous enough within about 10 years to receive any pay-TV service directly -- eliminating the need for service providers to deploy set-top boxes.

The Business Cases for Bandwidth Caps

Broadband Internet providers are slowly but surely phasing out the all-you-can-eat buffet.

But they’re using usage-based billing mechanisms for two distinct purposes: one’s a carrot, the other’s a stick.

Turner Hosts Summer Boot Camp for Media Startups

Turner Broadcasting System is trying to build a better startup — with an initiative that’s more like a buddy system than a traditional strategic investment.

This summer, the programmer held its first 12-week Media Camp accelerator program with six startups selected from more than 100 applicants. “We wanted to learn from them and potentially influence them,” Turner senior director of emerging technology David Austin said.

Turner put $20,000 into each company (”just a little bit to help them through the 12-week period,” Austin said) and picked its own execs to act as mentors, helping the startups hone their ideas and technologies. The Media Camp agenda also included mixers and workshops on branding and other topics.

Each of the six Media Camp startups incorporate some aspect of social media or content discovery. SocialSamba, for example, lets users “friend” their favorite fictional characters to follow scripted social experiences, while Matcha created a personalized video-tracking service.

Turner’s CNN is already a paying customer of one of the Media Campers: The news network’s website tapped the user-generated content management application from Chute to aggregate photos snapped by its reporters at the Democratic and Republican conventions.

The Media Camp will culminate in a demo day this Thursday (Sept. 13) in San Francisco, featuring presentations by the startups before an audience of venture capitalists, press and other media companies.

Turner’s ultimate goal is to turn interesting concepts into marketable products faster, according to Austin, previously a 17-year Apple veteran: “One of the hardest things for a startup to do is to get traction with a big media company.”

The other three Media Camp startups are: Showbucks, which develops “fun and engaging apps that combine social video with social games”; Socialize, which is creating a social platform that can predict user intent by mapping an interest graph across users and content; and Switchcam, a developer that creates interactive video experiences that let viewers “direct the show” and syncs fan-shot video with professional footage.

 

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Programming Note: Get a read on the future of multiscreen TV at our two events this month — TV’s Cloud Power, this Thursday (Sept. 13) in New York City; and the Next TV Summit, Sept. 20 in San Francisco.

Burning Bed Keeps Verizon Up All Night

As Hurricane Isaac pummeled cable operators like Cox and telcos along the Gulf Coast this week, Verizon was dealing with a separate, unnatural disaster in the Northeast: a flaming mattress.

Verizon photo of PVC conduits damaged in Lawrence, Mass.The burning bedding under a bridge in Lawrence, Mass. — apparently ignited by a homeless man’s cigarette — melted 60 PVC conduits carrying Verizon fiber and copper cabling in the wee small hours of Aug. 27.

The damage knocked out service for about 7,000 customers of Verizon’s FiOS and legacy telecom services in the area. Crews worked overnight to make 12,000 fiber-optic splices in 36 hours, restoring service to all FiOS subscribers and businesses with fiber connections by Wednesday.

“The work to restore service is complex, given that technicians are splicing thousands of individual copper and fiber-optic connections in a very confined area under the bridge,” the telco said in a statement. “The conduit structure that holds the cables, which was protected by a metal cage, was destroyed and needs to be replaced.”

About 1,000 customers served by the copper network were still incommunicado, and Verizon said it expects the “vast majority” of those to be restored in the next few days.

To be sure, Mother Nature has far more destructive powers. But it’s a reminder that major outages can stem from something as small as a careless flick of the wrist.

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Programming Note: Get a read on the future of multiscreen TV at our two events next month — TV’s Cloud Power, Sept. 13 in New York City; and the Next TV Summit, Sept. 20 in San Francisco.

Chart of the Week: Arris Plots Nielsen's Bandwidth Curve

OK, let’s first point out that the “Nielsen’s Law” we’re talking about is unrelated to the research and TV ratings company.

Arris hosted its annual investor and analyst conference on Wednesday, laying out the company’s strategy and growth prospects.

One chart in its slide deck caught my eye: Arris plotted the evolution of downstream Internet connection speeds for the last 25 years against Nielsen’s Law, including up to the recent 300 and 305 Mbps tiers announced by Verizon FiOS and Comcast, respectively.

The “law,” posited by Web design guru Jakob Nielsen in 1998, predicts that broadband speeds will increase 50% per year.

Arris - Nielsen’s Law chart

It’s held true so far but — wow. Will broadband subs be demanding 73 Gigabits per second downstream by 2030? That seems like a redonkulous amount of capacity. On the other hand, do you remember when people thought 1 Megabit per second cable modems were going to be more bandwidth than anyone would ever need?

In the nearer term, Arris says it’s prepping to hit up to 10 Gbps downstream and 2.5 Gbps in the next few years, referencing the “DOCSIS NG” white paper it co-authored with Cisco, Motorola and Intel that outlines technical strategies to get there over HFC (see A Blueprint for Ultra-Fast DOCSIS).

(As an aside: Google Fiber is literally ahead of the Nielsen curve with the 1-Gig symmetrical service — a good thing, of course, if you are lucky enough to live in one of the “fiberhoods” in the Kansas City area that the Internet giant is selectively hooking up.)

As for what’s fueling that bandwidth usage now and in the future, Arris cited “cloud computing,” including huge growth in Internet video consumption and operator-delivered IPTV, and 4K TVs (see TV’s Next Target: 4K Displays).

The wildcard in all this? How quickly broadband providers will upgrade their networks to keep pace with Nielsen’s curve, and whether that 50% annual growth starts flattening out. As Arris notes in its slides: “MSOs will have to make network investment in order to enhance supply capacity.”

And note: HFC at 750 MHz tops out at around 4.4 Gbps downstream, according to Arris’ chart. If (when?) bandwidth demand goes higher, cable will have to start expanding above 1 GHz or deploying fiber-to-the-home.

The vendor did call out the recent news from Comcast — Arris’s No. 1 customer — that it doubled the speeds of its 25 and 50 Mbps tiers, to 50 and 105 Mbps respectively, for no additional charge. According to Comcast, the bump is the seventh time since 2002 it has increased broadband speeds. It’s worth noting that the MSO’s 305 Mbps tier, at $300 per month, is priced not to move — looks more like anti-FiOS marketing ammo (see Comcast Debuts 305-Meg Internet, Doubles Speeds For Two Broadband Tiers).

Here’s the link to download the 6MB PDF of Arris’s presentation. (Which would have taken around one hour over a 14.4 Kbps modem 20 years ago!) There’s a bunch of other interesting stuff in there.

Meanwhile, Wall Street reaction to the Arris presentation seemed fairly positive.

Raymond James analyst Simon Leopold said he left the analyst meeting “feeling constructive. Although we see some risk to margins from unfavorable mix shifts, sales growth and cash generation look promising. We think sales growth and a developing appreciation for the cable industry’s evolution and Arris’s role in it helps stock sentiment.” Arris projected 10% organic sales growth in 2013, vs. Leopold’s 9% estimate, and expense growth of 3% vs. his 4% estimate.

Jefferies & Co.’s James Kisner said the Arris presentation was “very upbeat,” saying in a research note that the company “reinforced the key points of our positive thesis around Arris. Commentary around Moxi, operating expenses, and CMTS was incrementally positive versus our expectations.”

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Programming Note: Get a read on the future of multiscreen TV at our two events next month — TV’s Cloud Power, Sept. 13 in New York City; as well as the Next TV Summit, Sept. 20 in San Francisco.

Google Faces a Big Set-Top Overhang With Expected Sale of Moto Home

After Google is done hacking Motorola Mobility’s headcount by 20%, what’s next for the latter’s Home division? (See Google To Slash 4,000 Motorola Jobs.)

The Internet giant is expected to shop Motorola Home — which houses set-tops, DVRs, cable modems and other service provider product lines — to the highest bidder, as Light Reading Cable’s Jeff Baumgartner reported last week.

Sometime in September, Google will “bring the asset to a very limited subset” of potential buyers, according to a source in the investment community: “Google wants to get rid of it.” Barclays Capital is said to be handling the sale process, the source said, corroborating LR Cable’s report.

Who might be taking a look at the books? Large network infrastructure players like Ericsson, Juniper Networks, Huawei and ZTE might be in the mix, according to this source, as well as private-equity firms. (However, the two Chinese vendors — Huawei and ZTE — are seen as unlikely suitors given Google’s fraught relationship with the country, the source said.) Smaller cable-tech firms, like Arris, would need to team up with a PE firm, resulting in a more complex (and therefore less likely to be consummated) deal, the source added.

Cisco Systems, the other half of the so-called cable technology “duopoly,” would not be part of the Moto Home bidding because of antitrust concerns. Plus, Cisco has plenty of work cut out for itself in sorting through the $5 billion NDS acquisition, which officially closed July 31.

As for the asking price, Google probably would be seeking in the range of $1.5 billion to “the mid-to-high 2’s” for Home, the source said — but would be very challenged to get the high end of that range.

That’s because every prospective buyer will be considering the health of Motorola’s set-top business over the next five years. With cable moving toward IPTV and cloud-based video services like network DVR, set-top and DVR sales could collapse: “That’s a very real limiter on the price Google can get” for the Home business, the source said.

Motorola set-top revenue dropped 3% in 2011, as the average selling price of STBs declined, even though unit shipments were up 6%, according to the company’s final 10-K. The Home business generated revenue of $3.5 billion in 2011, down 3% from the year prior, with operating earnings of $226 million (vs. $152 million in 2010).

Note that Google attributed $730 million of the Motorola purchase price to “customer relationships,” whereas the patent portfolio was worth $5.5 billion in the Googlers’ eyes (see Google Breaks Down $12.4 Billion Motorola Price Tag).

Whatever happens next, you can bet competitors like Cisco, Arris and Pace will be talking up the layoffs and potential Home sale. Cisco CEO John Chambers already boasted to Wall Street last fall that Google’s takeout of Moto was a blessing (see Cisco’s Chambers: ‘We Got Very Lucky That Motorola Got Purchased By Google’).

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Programming Note: Get a read on the future of multiscreen TV at our two events next month — TV’s Cloud Power, Sept. 13 in New York City; and the Next TV Summit, Sept. 20 in San Francisco.

The Aereo Case: Do Its Patent Applications Give It Legal Cover?

In the broadcasters’ suit against Aereo, in which the startup won the first round, there was only one point of fact in dispute: whether its dime-size antennas actually function independently (see What the Judge in the Aereo Case Didn’t Rule On).

U.S. District Court Judge Alison Nathan agreed with Aereo’s position, rejecting the broadcasters’ assertion that the individual antennas act as a single, big array.

“Based on the evidence at this stage of the proceedings, the Court finds that Aereo’s antennas function independently,” she wrote. “That is to say, each antenna separately receives the incoming broadcast signal, rather than functioning collectively with the other antennas or with the assistance of the shared metal substructure.”

Aereo schematicAereo doesn’t always permanently dedicate physical antennas to individual users; those may be allocated dynamically at different times (click on the diagram at left from one of its patent filings). However, Nathan ruled, “That Aereo users may ’share’ resources like antennas by using them at different times does not affect this analysis, as it remains clear that the copies Aereo’s system makes are unique for each user and are not ’shared.’”

Furthermore, she noted that several resources in Cablevision Systems’ RS-DVR are also “shared,” including the servers and, “most significantly, the unlicensed signal from which the unique copies were made.” (She means Cablevision’s RS-DVR was not licensed for time-shifting use from the networks.)

Last fall, Aereo applied for four patents on its system (see Aereo’s Patent Play). Those appear to bolster its case, according to a patent expert cited by ReadWriteWeb’s Gina Smith, because they describe the Aereo system using individual antennas for signal capture.

“If in fact the four patent applications… accurately describe Aereo’s deployed technology in New York City, then these patent apps could give Aereo a leg up,” intellectual-property expert Tom Ewing told ReadWriteWeb.

The technical side of Aero’s legal defense may or may not be rock-solid. In any event, in their appeal the broadcasters will probably revise their legal arguments around the fact that Aereo isn’t licensed to retransmit their TV signals.

In their original case, the broadcasters argued that the Cablevision RS-DVR decision didn’t apply to Aereo because the former involved time-shifting. Judge Nathan noted that the Second Circuit’s ruling did not cite time-shifting at all in its analysis of whether the RS-DVR was a “public performance.”

So expect a new legal tack from the broadcasters. Note that Judge Nathan specifically said her decision did not address certain points: “First, the Court need not, and does not, accept Aereo’s position that the creation of any fixed copy from which a transmission is made always defeats a claim for a violation of the public performance right. This position would eviscerate the transmit clause given the ease of making reproductions before transmitting digital data, and [the] Cablevision [RS-DVR decision] does not require such a far sweep.”

In addition, she wrote, the court “need not reach the issue of whether Aereo escapes liability because it is ‘the consumer, not Aereo, who makes the transmissions that Plaintiffs complain of.’”

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Programming Note: Hear from Aereo CEO Chet Kanojia at TV’s Cloud Power, Sept. 13 in New York City. Click here for more info: multichannelevents.com/cloud.

Apple Tries to Enter a Market It's Taken TiVo 10-Plus Years to Crack

Apple, after shunning cable operators for years and trying to cobble together its own subscription TV service, is now rumored to be wooing MSOs with some kind of snazzy set-top (see Apple In Talks With TWC, Other MSOs On Cable Set-Top: Report).

What are Apple’s chances of success? It’s instructive to look at TiVo’s track record: The company has spent a decade cajoling pay TV operators to offer its DVRs to customers, or threatening them with patent litigation. It also has persistently lobbied the FCC to force MSOs to let retail TiVo boxes access programming.

After years of breaking its teeth, what does TiVo have to show for it on the bottom line?

Bupkis. Actually, less than that — in the U.S., TiVo is still losing subscribers.

TiVo has managed to land deals with Charter Communications, Suddenlink Communications, RCN and Grande Communications. But so far, those MSOs haven’t contributed enough new subs to offset declines in retail and from TiVo’s legacy deal with DirecTV.

U.K. cable operator Virgin Media has accounted for the turnaround in TiVo’s subscriber growth. TiVo lost a net 29,000 retail subscribers for the quarter ended April 30, while adding 242,000 through Virgin — but dropping a net 7,000 from all other operators (see TiVo’s Growth Stays In Virgin Territory).

Early on, “We were flatly rejected by the cable industry when it came to the DVR,” TiVo CEO Tom Rogers said at the TV 3.0 event in June. But now, with some operators, “We’ve kind of been called back into action. We very much have allied our future with theirs.”

So TiVo, whose future depends on set-top deals with MSOs, has yet to turn the corner on this strategy in the States.

Would Apple fare better? TiVo has a pretty good user interface, offers access to tons of over-the-top content and cable VOD, a four-tuner DVR option and has a second-screen remote app for iPad.

It’s not obvious what kind of magical new capability Apple could offer in a set-top that would make it unusually compelling to MSOs (Siri voice recognition perhaps?). And dealing with Apple could be risky for operators, given its vertically integrated model in which it controls everything — hardware, software, UI, apps and content transactions.

On the other hand, Apple is more than 500 times bigger than TiVo, by market cap. And while TiVo has name recognition (it’s a verb!), Apple has the most powerful brand in consumer technologies.

So, maybe the Cupertino Magic Factory can swoop in to the cable set-top market and get some big wins. But it certainly wouldn’t be an overnight success.

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Programming Note: Get a read on the future of multiscreen TV at our two events next month — TV’s Cloud Power, Sept. 13 in New York City; and the Next TV Summit, Sept. 20 in San Francisco.

Apple IPTV Box: Potentially Sexy, Definitely Risky for MSOs

What possible earthly reason would Time Warner Cable or any other operator have for teaming up with Apple — the company that cornered the market on digital music, and clearly has been trying its damndest to disrupt the TV and video entertainment ecosystem?

In a nutshell: Apple makes the sexiest tech on a planet.

The Cult of Apple has a massive following, and cable operators would absolutely love to have that sheen of coolness rub off on them (see Apple In Talks With TWC, Other MSOs On Cable Set-Top: Report and Apple Tries to Enter a Market It’s Taken TiVo 10-Plus Years to Crack).

But cable operators have to think with their heads, not their… hearts. The risks ultimately outweigh the rewards, at least for anything other than an arms-length integration that would provide TV programming to an Apple IP device — the same way pay-TV operators have started to do with Apple’s iPads, Microsoft Xbox, Samsung connected-TV devices, Android devices, PCs and others.

A close partnership between an MSO and Apple is unthinkable, according to VideoNuze analyst Will Richmond.

“The idea of cable operators helping escort Apple into the living room would be like letting the proverbial ‘fox into the hen house,’” he wrote in a blog. “Online viewing may be booming and tablets all the rage, but when it comes to the coveted living room, cable operators (and indeed the broader pay-TV industry) still reign.”

Sanford Bernstein analysts, in a research note Thursday, also identified this risk: “By embracing Apple, the MSOs would necessarily relinquish at least some control of the user interface and branding… and in doing so, they would be opening the door to a Trojan Horse strategy where Apple would increasingly usurp the customer relationship,” the analysts wrote. “Apple could later use that customer relationship leverage as a way to upend the economic sharing model of any initial agreement, precisely as they have done in wireless.”

To deliver a compelling, integrated TV experience — whether that’s through the current Apple TV set-top or some future all-in-one HDTV — Apple must provide access to current TV programming the way people are used to watching TV. The Cupertino crew couldn’t license TV shows from the networks (or wasn’t willing to pay enough) to do its own over-the-top service, as Intel is rumored to be doing.

So now Apple’s hoping MSOs will bite on its pitch to facilitate its whole-TV vision. At this point, though, maybe Apple needs cable more than the other way around.

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Programming Note: Get a read on the future of multiscreen TV at our two events next month — TV’s Cloud Power, Sept. 13 in New York City; and the Next TV Summit, Sept. 20 in San Francisco.

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